Saul was let over the city wall of Damascus in a basket. This allowed him to escape (Acts 9:25).

Verse 23 says ‘after many days’ they decided to kill Saul. Galatians 1:17 says that Saul was in Arabia and returned to Damascus.

Paul probably spent some time in Petra. For in 2 Corinthians 11:32-33, Paul writes that King Aretas had the city gates in Damascus guarded. King Aretas IV ruled over Nabataea from 9 BC to 40 AD.

It is most likely that Paul had spread the gospel in Arabia-Petrea, outside the Jewish-Roman power. The king wanted to arrest him, but Saul went back to Damascus, where he was known and recognised.

Jesus’ message causes offence. Saul now faces this himself.

He was not trusted in Jerusalem (Acts 9:26). Barnabas, the ‘son of consolation’, stands up for Saul. In Damascus, Saul argued with the Jews on the basis of the Holy Scriptures. He behaved differently with the Greek Jews in Jerusalem. They were used to philosophical thinking. Everything had to sound ‘logical’ to them. So it is said that Saul ‘argued’ with the Greek Jews. Philosophy has open back doors in the way of thinking and speaking and philosophising leads to no end.

But Greek and Hebrew Jews agree on one thing: this man could become a global danger. He must die. Saul has to flee again. He goes to Tarsus, his home town.

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Turning to Jesus is not the happy ending of a story, but the start of a new life as a learner of Jesus.

Saul is immediately ready to do what Jesus tells him. Hananias, on the other hand, someone who already knows Jesus as Lord, initially has a big ‘but’ (Acts 9:13).

Firstly, Saul needs the ministry to himself. The unknown Hananias allows to be sent and goes in the name of Jesus to the man everyone is afraid of.

Then Saul begins to witness that Jesus was not a failed prophet, but the Son of God (Acts 9:20 / a title for the Jewish Messiah cf. John 11:27) and the promised Saviour (Acts 9:22).

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Although baptised, the believers in Samaria have not yet received the Holy Spirit. Only through the prayer of the apostles from Jerusalem do they receive the Holy Spirit.

This is where something new begins: not only Jews believe in Jesus, but also half-Jews.

This could have been the reason why the Holy Spirit only came to the believers in a conscious step and through the apostles Peter and John. The laying on of hands by the apostles connects the Jesus movement in Samaria with the church in Jerusalem.

Paul describes the sign of the Holy Spirit as follows: “But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy and peace; patience, kindness and goodness; faithfulness, forbearance and self-control“ (Galatians 5:22-23).

The Holy Spirit also gives us a longing for God: “Lord, I long for you!” (Psalm 25:1).

He gives a childlike trust in God. Galatians 4:6: “But because you are sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying out, ‘Abba, Father!”

And an inner certainty (Romans 8:16: “God’s Spirit himself gives us the inner certainty that we are God’s children.”)

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In Samaria, there is an influential and respected man named Simon who uses magic powers. However, his motivation is not to serve the people, but to gain power and honour. Simon is enthusiastic about the power that emanates from Philip. That is why he is baptised with others (Acts  8).

Simon does not seem to have received the Holy Spirit. It is possible to believe with the head without the heart being touched by the Holy Spirit. A renewal of the heart is needed.

By Simon, it is clear that his thinking has not been renewed. He remains in his magical thinking. He wants to use God. He is jealous and wants to buy spiritual gifts with money. But Jesus teaches: ‘Freely you have received, freely give’ (Matthew 10:8). Simon is not interested in serving, but in earning.

When Peter uncovers his misbehaviour, Simon only wants to be spared the consequences of his transgression. Although he is baptised, he does not repent. Justin, the martyr (100-165 from Samaria), later reports that Simon separated from the church and founded his own movement.

Faith is more than intellectual acceptance. Faith means receiving the Father and the Son through the Holy Spirit and being changed by him.

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The kingdom of God does not spread through planning and strategy, but through persecution (Acts 8:1-25).

Philip is one of the seven deacons (Acts 6:5) who were expelled from Jerusalem.

Philip comes to an important city in Samaria. It is possibly Sebaste, the capital of Samaria, or Sychar, the “religious capital” of the Samaritans on the eastern slope of Mount Ebal. Jesus was also received there a few years earlier (John 4:5-42). It is an area shunned by the Jews, where believers in Jesus find peace from their persecutors. Others probably go to relatives in Judea.

Instead of resigning and doubting God’s love, the exiles see their persecution as an opportunity to proclaim their faith.

Wherever they are, they live and proclaim their faith.

Jesus’ promise is fulfilled: “You will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you will be my witnesses (martyrs) in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria and to the ends of the earth” (Acts 1:8).

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Stephen’s vision of an open heaven is the straw that breaks the camel’s back. For the high council, Jesus standing at the right hand of God was blasphemy.

Jesus was rejected because he claimed to be one with God and thus made himself equal to God. For them, Jesus was in league with the devil (Matthew 12:24) and, in their view, could not stand next to God.

That is why they dragged Stephen out of the city and stoned him to death. He says: “I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!” Jesus stands up to receive Stephen. When we die, someone is waiting for us.

Stephen prays: “ Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!” and “ Lord, do not hold this sin against them.” Acts 7:59.

This is one of the few known prayers to Jesus in the Bible. The second is found in Revelation 22:20. It is a characteristic of the first followers of Jesus to pray to Jesus (Acts 9:21 and first Corinthians 1:2 / 12:3).

The certainty that not everything ends with death was one reason why the Jesus movement grew so quickly in the first centuries. People went to their deaths for their faith without hating their tormentors. This brought other people into question.

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Stephen is a Hellenistic Jew filled with the Holy Spirit. Other Jews from the Greek-speaking world accused him of blaspheming God and insulting Moses (Acts 6:11). The accusation is that he should be said that Jesus would tear down the temple and change the law of Moses (Acts 6:14).

Stephen uses a history lesson to show that it is not he who is acting against the temple and the law, but the accusers, by not recognising the promised prophet and acting in the same way as their ancestors. Continue reading Stephen – faithful unto death →